Overview - Surah 71: Nuh (Noah )
This Surah talks about the preaching of Prophet Noah and then his prayer for the destruction of the disbelievers. Thus Allah's wrath came upon them and they were all destroyed in a flood.
He is mentioned from the very first Ayat, إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ أَنْ أَنذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ "Indeed, We sent Noah to his people, [saying], "Warn your people before there comes to them a painful punishment." [71:1].
There are 28 Ayat in this Surah.
Overview
| Total Ayat | 28 |
| Total Words * | 226 |
| Root Words * | 91 |
| Unique Root Words * | 1 |
| Makki / Madani | Makki |
| Chronological Order* | 71st (according to Ibn Abbas) |
| Year of Revelation* | |
| Events during/before this Surah*
N/A
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| Events during/after still to occur*
N/A
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| Names of Prophets Mentioned
Nuh
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| Surah Index
Astronomy (celestial mechanics) (moon), Astronomy (celestial mechanics) (sun), Children, Earth, Evolution, gods of pre-Islamic Arabs by name, Heaven (several) , Hell, Humankind (creation of) , Humankind (grows gradually from the earth) , Materialism, Noah (ark) , Noah (flood) , Prayer (of Noah) , Resurrection (of humans)
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Theme 1: Dedication in giving Dawah.
In this Surah the story of the Prophet Noah has not been related only for the sake of storytelling, but its object is to warn the disbelievers of Makkah, so as to say: “You, O people of Makkah, are adopting towards Muhammad the same attitude as the people of the Prophet Noah had adopted towards him; if you do not change this attitude, you too would meet with the same end.” This had not been said in so many words anywhere in the Surah, but in the background of the conditions under which this story was narrated to the people of Makkah, this subject itself became obvious. Verse 2-4 briefly explain how he began his mission and what he preached. Then after suffering hardships and troubles in the way of preaching his mission for ages the report that he made to his Lord has been given in v. 5-20. In it he states how he had been trying to bring his people to the right path and how his people had stubbornly opposed him. After this, the Prophet Noah’s final submission has been recorded in v. 21-24, in which he prays to his Lord, saying: “These people have rejected my invitation: they are blindly following their chiefs, who have devised a tremendous plot of deceit and cunning. Time now has come when these people should be deprived of every grace to accept guidance.” This was not an expression of impatience by the Prophet Noah, but when after having preached his message under extremely trying circumstances for centuries he became utterly disappointed with his people, he formed the opinion that no chance whatever was left of their coming to the right path. His opinion fully conformed to God’s own decision. Thus, in the next verse (25), it has been said: “The torment of God descended on those people because of their misdeeds.”
In the concluding verse, the Prophet Noah’s supplication that he made to his Lord, right at the time the torment descended, has been recorded. He prays for his own and for all the believers’ forgiveness and makes a submission to God to the effect: “Do not leave any of the disbelievers alive on the earth, for they have become utterly devoid of every good: they will not beget any but disbelieving and wicked descendent.” While studying this Surah one should keep in view the details of the Prophet Noah’s story which have been given in the Qur’an. For this see the following Surah 7: al-A’raf (The Elevations) 59-64, Surah 10: Yunus (Jonah) 71,73, Surah 11: Hud (Hud) 25-49, Surah 23: al-Mu’minun (The Believers) 23-31, 26: ash-Shu’ara’ (The Poets) 105-122, Surah 29: al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) 14,15, Surah 37: as-Saffat (Those Lined Up) 75-82, Surah 54: al-Qamar (The Moon) 9-16.
Only the story of Prophet Nuh is discussed in this Surah and not anything else.
Manuscripts / Inscriptions
736 H 1335CE
736 H 1335CE
1st Century Hijrah (7th Century CE)
1st Century Hijrah (7th Century CE)
- In Surah al-Ma'arij [70:5], Allah advises the Prophet to have beautiful patience. The following Surah is on the Prophet Nuh who had much patience with this people for the great of time he spent in their midst.
- Surah Nuh [71] and Jinn [72] both have 28 Ayat.
Total Word Count per Ayat (shows how many words per Ayat) = 1* | ||
| # | Root Word | Frequency in Surah | Frequency in Qur'an |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | أ ل ه | 8 | 2851 |
| 2. | ق و ل | 6 | 1722 |
| 3. | ج ع ل | 6 | 346 |
| 4. | غ ف ر | 5 | 234 |
| 5. | ر ب ب | 5 | 980 |
| 6. | إِلَّا | 5 | 663 |
| 7. | ق و م | 4 | 660 |
| 8. | د ع و | 4 | 212 |
| 9. | ز ي د | 4 | 61 |
| 10. | و ذ ر | 4 | 45 |
| Root Word | Frequency in Surah |
Frequency in Qur'an |
|---|---|---|
| أ ل ه | 8 | 2851 |
| ق و ل | 6 | 1722 |
| ج ع ل | 6 | 346 |
| غ ف ر | 5 | 234 |
| ر ب ب | 5 | 980 |
| إِلَّا | 5 | 663 |
| ق و م | 4 | 660 |
| د ع و | 4 | 212 |
| ز ي د | 4 | 61 |
| و ذ ر | 4 | 45 |
This also is one of the earliest Surahs to be revealed at Makkah, but the internal evidence of its subject matter shows that it was sent down in the period when opposition to the Prophet’s message of Islam by the disbelievers of Makkah had grown very strong and active.
- The Prophet Nuh's preaching and submission to Allah after exhausting all his efforts.
- The Prophet Nuh's prayer not to leave any unbeliever on the surface of the earth and Allah granted his prayer.
- Giving Dawah night and day.
- The benefits ijn this world and after-life for seeking Istighfar [forgiveness] (71:10) (71:12)
- TheProphet Nuh is the second father of all humanity, as it was from his lineage that all men descended from after the flood.
Tafsir Zone
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Sayyid Qutb Overview (Verses 5 - 7) Noah began his noble efforts to present guidance to his people. He had no personal interest in the matter, and stood to make no gain to compensate for all the arrogance and ridicule he had to put up with. He continued to do this for a thousand years minus fifty, with the number of those who responded positively hardly increasing. On the other hand, however, the level of rejection and insistence on following old erring ways did increase. At the end, Noah presented his account to God, who had assigned him this arduous task. He described his efforts even though he • knew that God was fully aware of all that he had done. He is, therefore, simply making his heart-felt complaint to God, the only One to whom prophets, messengers and true believers ever complain: My Lord.' I have been pleading with my people night and day but the more I call them, the further they run away. Whenever I call on them, so that You may forgive them, they thrust their fingers into their ears, draw their garments over their heads, grow obstinate and become even more arrogant and insolent. I have called them openly; I have preached to them in public, and I spoke to them secretly, in private. I said: Ask your Lord for forgiveness: He is ever forgiving. He will let loose the sky over you with abundance, and will give you wealth and children; and will provide you with gardens and rivers. What is the matter with you? Why do you behave with such insolence towards your Lord, when it is He who has created you in successive stages? Do you not see how God has created seven heavens in layers, placing in them the moon for a light and the sun for a lantern? God has made you spring from the earth like a plant, and He will return you into it and then bring you out again. God has made the earth a vast expanse for you, so that you may walk along its spacious paths.' (Verses 5-20) Thus, Noah describes his untiring efforts at the end of his long, long journey: "My Lord.' I have been pleading with my people night and day." (Verse 5) He never slackened or showed any sign of boredom or despair in the face of determined and increasing opposition: "but the more I call them, the further they run away." (Verse 6) They ran away from the messenger who called on them to believe in God, the Giver of life, the Provider of everything they had and the Source of every light and guidance. Yet this messenger from whom they ran away never asked for anything in return for what he presented or taught them. He only called on them to believe so that they might be forgiven their sins. When they could not physically run away, because he addressed them face to face, taking every opportunity to make his address heard, they loathed listening to him or even looking at him. They turned away in arrogance, intent on following their erring ways. "Whenever I call on them, so that You may forgive them, they thrust their fingers into their ears, draw their garments over their heads, grow obstinate and become even more arrogant and insolent." (Verse 7) In this scene the advocate of the divine faith is seen using every opportunity to deliver his message, while they remain adamant, unwilling to hear. We see humanity here in its early stages, stubborn like a headstrong child, putting its fingers in its ears so that it does not hear, and covering its head and face. It is an image of childish resistance. The surah says they `thrust their fingers into their ears', yet people can only put the tips of their fingers into their ears. The statement, thus, imparts an impression of violent reaction, as if they wanted to put their whole fingers into their ears to ensure that nothing of Noah's words could be heard. How childish!
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Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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- Surah 71. Nuh - Saad al Ghamidi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcLCmAyM6KY&index=71&list=PLhM2xiAUdw2cAqW_o3zZkbhJNw0bnaBZN
- Surah 71. Nuh - Umar Quzabri http://youtu.be/DePCo4QPSkM
- Surah 71. Nuh Mahmoud Khalil Al Hussary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTCFhtWHLa0&index=71&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfMFWX22VZWOKpzjr-vH_BM
- Surah 71. Nuh Muhammad Al Luhaydan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAYzERDxQ9A&index=71&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfKAYuQLRNAZomoezhfhRZe
- Idris Akbar Surah Nur https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csropoiYJIQ
- Surah 71. Nuh Muhammad MInshawi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gBaahmUchA&index=71&list=PLxpAkjlGauHdUcO_uc-8F8J2NUQRDZjPG
