Surah Luqman (Luqman ) 31 : 19
Translations
Pickthall
Yusuf Ali
Qur'an Dictionary
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| (31:19:1) wa-iq'ṣid And be moderate |
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| (31:19:2) |
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| (31:19:3) mashyika your pace |
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| (31:19:4) wa-ugh'ḍuḍ and lower |
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| (31:19:5) |
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| (31:19:6) ṣawtika your voice |
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| (31:19:7) |
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| (31:19:8) ankara (the) harshest |
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| (31:19:9) l-aṣwāti (of all) sounds |
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| (31:19:10) laṣawtu (is) surely (the) voice |
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| (31:19:11) l-ḥamīri (of) the donkeys |
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Explanatory Note
he order not to walk haughtily on earth is coupled with a statement about the proper way of walking: “Be of modest bearing in your walk.” Such modesty is expressed in Arabic with the word iqşid, which connotes economy and definite purpose. The economy aspect referred to here is the need not to waste energy in a boastful, arrogant gait, and the purposeful walk is one which does not waste time; rather it moves towards its goal easily.
Luqmān’s admonition also urges his son to lower his voice, which is a mark of politeness, self-confidence and reliability. Only an impolite person, or one who has self doubt or uncertainty about what he says, resorts to speaking loudly as he tries to disguise such doubts by raising his voice. The sūrah shows this behaviour as disgusting, adding to its abhorrence with the comment: “Lower your voice; for the most hideous of voices is the braying of the ass.”
3. Surah Overview
An examination of the subject matter shows that it was sent down in the period when persecution to suppress and thwart the invitation to Islam had begun. Every sort of plotting had started being employed for this purpose. This is borne out by v.14 in which the young reverts to Islam have been told that although the rights of the parents are the uppermost after God they should not listen to them if they prevented them from accepting Islam or compelled them to revert to the creed of polytheism (Shirk). The same thing has been said in Surah 29: al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) which indicates that both these Surahs were sent down in the same period. A study of the style and subject matter of the two Surahs on the whole however shows that Surah Luqman was sent down earlier for one does not see any sign of the antagonism in its background, though contrary to this while studying Surah 29: al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) one can clearly feel that the Muslims were being severely persecuted during the period of its revelation.
10. Wiki Forum
11. Tafsir Zone
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Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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