Overview (Verses 11 - 12)

Man’s Hasty Characteristic
 
Those who do not follow the guidance of the Qur’ān are left to their own devices. But man is hasty, unaware of what benefits him and what causes him harm, impulsive, unable to control his reactions even when they bring about evil consequences: “Yet man prays for evil as eagerly as he prays for good. Truly man is ever hasty.” (Verse 11) He does not know the ultimate results. He may do something that is evil and precipitate its results unaware that these only bring about immense harm to himself; or he may be aware of such results but is unable to control himself. This is a long, long way away from the assured, calm and consistent guidance given in the Qur’ān. The two ways of Qur’ānic guidance and human desire are too widely divergent.
 
So far the sūrah has pointed to some of the signs God gave to His messengers, such as the Prophet’s night journey, Noah’s ark, Moses’ book, and, above all, the Qur’ān. Now the sūrah mentions some of God’s universal signs and relates these to people’s actions, efforts and earnings on the one hand and their fruits and reward on the other. We thus see that the laws that govern action and reward are closely linked to the laws governing the whole universe. Both are based on perfect rules that never fail. They are as accurate as the system that ensures that day and night succeed each other. They are operated by the Creator who has made them two of His signs:
 
We have made the night and the day as two [of Our] signs. Then We have effaced the sign of the night while the sign of the day We have left enlightened, so that you may seek bounty from your Lord, and you may learn to compute the years and be able to reckon. Most clearly have We spelled out everything. (Verse 12)
 
The universal law that governs the succession of day and night is linked to numerous aspects of human life. It is linked with people’s efforts in earning their living, and their knowledge of time and calculation. It also relates to the good and evil man may earn in life and what reward he may achieve in the end for either his good or bad actions. Indeed the consequences of following guidance or error relate to it, as is the individual nature of responsibility which means that no one will have to answer for anyone else. The same universal law is linked to God’s promise that He will not inflict punishment on anyone until He has sent His messengers. This link further applies to the law which governs the destruction of communities only after the affluent among them have been guilty of immense transgression. The law further relates to the diverse destinies of those who seek the pleasures of this world and those who prefer the good reward of the hereafter, and what God grants to both in this life and in the life to come. All these aspects follow a well set system and certain immutable laws besides. Nothing takes place haphazardly.
 
“We have made the night and the day as two [of Our] signs. Then We have effaced the sign of the night while the sign of the day We have left enlightened, so that you may seek bounty from your Lord, and you may learn to compute the years and be able to reckon. Most clearly have We spelled out everything.” (Verse 12) The night and the day are two major universal signs which confirm the accuracy of the law governing the universe which operates all the time, suffering neither a failure nor a temporary need for repairs. So what is meant here by ‘effacing the sign of the night’, when we see that this sign remains operative as much as the sign of the day? It seems to me, and God knows best, that the reference here is to the darkness of the night which hides everything and during which movement slows down. The darkness gives the impression that the night is effaced when compared with the day, its light and the bustling activity that takes place under its light. It is as though the day is able to see things by its light and reveals everything for us to behold.
 
The effacing of the night and the full visibility of the day have a clearly specified purpose: “so that you may seek bounty from your Lord, and you may learn to compute the years and be able to reckon.” This makes things very clear: the night is for rest and recuperation, and the day for work, earning one’s living and activity. The succession of the day and night enables people to compute the years and determine the seasons and set times for different transactions. “Most clearly have We spelled out everything.” There is nothing in the universe that has been left to chance. The accuracy that is manifested in the succession of day and night confirms the elaborate and faultless design of everything God has created.