Overview (Verse 1)

The sūrah opens with a basic issue of faith, namely the revelation of God’s book, the Qur’ān, and the truth it contains. This formulates the foundation over which all the other issues of faith are built, including those of the oneness of God, belief in the hereafter, and the need to do good in this life. All these branch out from the central point of believing that the One who gives all orders is God, and that the Qur’ān is His revelation to the Prophet Muĥammad (peace be upon him).

“Alif. Lām. Mīm. Rā. These are verses of the Book.” (Verse 1) This is one way of reading the first statement, but it may also be interpreted as, ‘These are signs that prove the truth of this Book.’ They are clear evidence that it is a revelation from God. The very fact that it is composed of the same material as these separate letters, alif lām, mīm, rā, is sufficient proof that it comes from God, and is not the work of any creature, human or non-human.

“That which is revealed to you by your Lord is the Truth.” (Verse 1) That is the real and pure truth which is never coloured with any falsehood. It admits no doubt. These letters are signs that it is revealed by God, and what comes from God must be undoubtedly true. “Yet most people will not believe.” (Verse 1) They neither believe that it is divine revelation, nor do they accept the major issues that result from believing in revelation, such as belief in God’s oneness, submission to Him alone, resurrection on the Day of Judgement, and the need to do good in this life.