Surah al-Mu'minun (The Believers ) 23 : 68

Overview (Verses 68 - 74)

The Line the Truth Follows
 
Having shown the unbelievers this scene of reproach in the hereafter, the sūrah takes them back to this world, questioning them about their attitude: what stops them from accepting what they are told by God’s Messenger, whom they know to be a man of trust? What doubts do they have to prevent them from following divine guidance? Why do they turn away from it, ridiculing it when it represents the absolute truth?
 
Have they, then, never tried to understand this word [of God] Or has there come to them something that never came to their forefathers of old? Or do they not recognize their Messenger, and so they deny him? Or do they say that there is in him a touch of madness? Nay, he has brought them the truth; and the truth do most of them detest. Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption. Nay, We have given them all that brings them glory. Yet from this their glory they turn away. Or do you ask of them any recompense? But the recompense given by your Lord is best, since He is the best of providers. Most certainly, you call them to a straight path. But those who will not believe in the life to come are bound to deviate from the right path. (Verses 68-74)
 
The message Muhammad, God’s Messenger, preached could not be rejected by anyone who looks at it carefully, using his reason. It is a model of beauty, perfection, consistency and attraction. It fits with human nature, addresses people’s minds and hearts, outlines a course to elevate human life, and lays down a fine constitution to follow and a perfect code of justice. It also includes what answers the needs of human nature and what helps its development and advancement. “Have they, then, never tried to understand this word (of God]?” (Verse 68) This is, then, the secret behind their attitude.
 
“Or has there come to them something that never came to their forefathers of old?” (Verse 68) If so, it would have been strange for them and for their forefathers that a messenger came to call on them to believe in God’s oneness. But the history of divine messages proves that messengers followed one another, and all of them preached the same message advocated by Muhammad, God’s last Messenger.
 
“Or do they not recognize their Messenger, and so they deny him?” (Verse 69) Could this have been the reason for their insolent rejection? Yet they knew their Messenger well. They knew his birth and ancestry. They also knew his character, honesty and integrity. Long before he received his message, they nicknamed him al-amīn, which means ‘the trustworthy’.
 
“Or do they say that there is in him a touch of madness?” (Verse 70) Some of the lowest in their ranks used to say this about him, knowing full well that he was the wisest and most reasonable person among them. They never knew him slip once.
 
None of such possibilities had any foundation whatsoever. The fact is that most of them hated the truth because it deprived them of their false values and contradicted their desires and preferences: “Nay, he has brought them the truth; and the truth do most of them detest.” (Verse 70)
 
The truth cannot be subservient to personal desires and preferences. For it is on the basis of truth that the universe is sustained, life flourishes and the laws of nature function: “Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption.” (Verse 71)
 
The truth is unique and consistent, while desires are numerous and changing. It is on the basis of the unique truth that the whole universe moves along the course that ensures its existence. Thus, its laws are not made to deviate or change in order to accommodate fleeting desires. Had the universe been subject to such changing or sudden desires it would have become corrupted. Indeed, human life, values, standards and systems would also have become corrupted. They would have staggered to and fro, in response to anger, pleasure, hatred, caprice, fear, laziness, activity, reaction and influence. But the physical universe and its progress towards its goal requires consistency and reliability as well as the following of a clearly charted course that is subject to no modification or deviation.
 
Bearing this in mind, Islam considers legislation for human life to be part of the universal law, formulated by the same hand that conducts the affairs of the universe and establishes coherence between all its parts. Human beings are part of the universe and subject to its law. Hence, it is only fitting that the One who legislates for the entire universe should also legislate for human life. When this is done, human life is no longer subjected to personal desires and preferences. Thus, it is immune to corruption: “Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption.” (Verse 71)
 
The community addressed by Islam should be keen to follow its truth, not only because it is the truth, but also because it represents its glory. Without Islam, it would have had no place in history: “Nay, We have given them all that brings them glory. Yet from this their glory they turn away.” (Verse 71) The Arabs were ignored throughout history until they were given the message of Islam. Since then, this community continued to be glorious as long as it adhered to Islam. Its position on the world stage, however, gradually shrank when it abandoned Islam, until it reached its present low depth. It will not recover its glory until it reverts to its true, guiding light.
 
The sūrah resumes its questioning of their attitude and the doubts that may be the cause for their refusal to believe in the Messenger: “Or do you ask of them any recompense?” (Verse 72) Had you demanded any wages from them, such a request might be their cause for refusal. The fact is that you seek nothing from them, because “the recompense given by your Lord is best, since He is the best of providers.” (Verse 72) What could a prophet seek from human beings, poor and needy as they are, when he has access to God’s inexhaustible favours? Indeed, what would a prophet’s followers hope to gain of this world’s comforts when they seek what may be provided by God who grants everything people have? The fact is that when a human heart is in touch with God, this whole universe, with all that it contains, dwindles into insignificance.
 
You only seek to guide them to the best method: “Most certainly, you call them to a straight path”; a path that brings them into line with the law that governs their nature. It bonds them with the rest of the universe, guiding them straight, without deviation, to God, the Creator of all.
 
Yet, like everyone else who does not believe in the life to come, these people deviate from the perfect way: “But those who will not believe in the life to come are bound to deviate from the right path.” (Verse 74) Had they been well guided, they would have reflected on the stages of their existence, because such reflection is bound to lead to belief in the hereafter, when perfection and absolute justice are attainable. The life to come is merely a stage in the line God has charted for all existence.

Overview (Verses 68 - 74)

The Line the Truth Follows
 
Having shown the unbelievers this scene of reproach in the hereafter, the sūrah takes them back to this world, questioning them about their attitude: what stops them from accepting what they are told by God’s Messenger, whom they know to be a man of trust? What doubts do they have to prevent them from following divine guidance? Why do they turn away from it, ridiculing it when it represents the absolute truth?
 
Have they, then, never tried to understand this word [of God] Or has there come to them something that never came to their forefathers of old? Or do they not recognize their Messenger, and so they deny him? Or do they say that there is in him a touch of madness? Nay, he has brought them the truth; and the truth do most of them detest. Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption. Nay, We have given them all that brings them glory. Yet from this their glory they turn away. Or do you ask of them any recompense? But the recompense given by your Lord is best, since He is the best of providers. Most certainly, you call them to a straight path. But those who will not believe in the life to come are bound to deviate from the right path. (Verses 68-74)
 
The message Muhammad, God’s Messenger, preached could not be rejected by anyone who looks at it carefully, using his reason. It is a model of beauty, perfection, consistency and attraction. It fits with human nature, addresses people’s minds and hearts, outlines a course to elevate human life, and lays down a fine constitution to follow and a perfect code of justice. It also includes what answers the needs of human nature and what helps its development and advancement. “Have they, then, never tried to understand this word (of God]?” (Verse 68) This is, then, the secret behind their attitude.
 
“Or has there come to them something that never came to their forefathers of old?” (Verse 68) If so, it would have been strange for them and for their forefathers that a messenger came to call on them to believe in God’s oneness. But the history of divine messages proves that messengers followed one another, and all of them preached the same message advocated by Muhammad, God’s last Messenger.
 
“Or do they not recognize their Messenger, and so they deny him?” (Verse 69) Could this have been the reason for their insolent rejection? Yet they knew their Messenger well. They knew his birth and ancestry. They also knew his character, honesty and integrity. Long before he received his message, they nicknamed him al-amīn, which means ‘the trustworthy’.
 
“Or do they say that there is in him a touch of madness?” (Verse 70) Some of the lowest in their ranks used to say this about him, knowing full well that he was the wisest and most reasonable person among them. They never knew him slip once.
 
None of such possibilities had any foundation whatsoever. The fact is that most of them hated the truth because it deprived them of their false values and contradicted their desires and preferences: “Nay, he has brought them the truth; and the truth do most of them detest.” (Verse 70)
 
The truth cannot be subservient to personal desires and preferences. For it is on the basis of truth that the universe is sustained, life flourishes and the laws of nature function: “Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption.” (Verse 71)
 
The truth is unique and consistent, while desires are numerous and changing. It is on the basis of the unique truth that the whole universe moves along the course that ensures its existence. Thus, its laws are not made to deviate or change in order to accommodate fleeting desires. Had the universe been subject to such changing or sudden desires it would have become corrupted. Indeed, human life, values, standards and systems would also have become corrupted. They would have staggered to and fro, in response to anger, pleasure, hatred, caprice, fear, laziness, activity, reaction and influence. But the physical universe and its progress towards its goal requires consistency and reliability as well as the following of a clearly charted course that is subject to no modification or deviation.
 
Bearing this in mind, Islam considers legislation for human life to be part of the universal law, formulated by the same hand that conducts the affairs of the universe and establishes coherence between all its parts. Human beings are part of the universe and subject to its law. Hence, it is only fitting that the One who legislates for the entire universe should also legislate for human life. When this is done, human life is no longer subjected to personal desires and preferences. Thus, it is immune to corruption: “Had the truth been in accord with their desires, the heavens and the earth, together with all that lives in them, would surely have been in utter corruption.” (Verse 71)
 
The community addressed by Islam should be keen to follow its truth, not only because it is the truth, but also because it represents its glory. Without Islam, it would have had no place in history: “Nay, We have given them all that brings them glory. Yet from this their glory they turn away.” (Verse 71) The Arabs were ignored throughout history until they were given the message of Islam. Since then, this community continued to be glorious as long as it adhered to Islam. Its position on the world stage, however, gradually shrank when it abandoned Islam, until it reached its present low depth. It will not recover its glory until it reverts to its true, guiding light.
 
The sūrah resumes its questioning of their attitude and the doubts that may be the cause for their refusal to believe in the Messenger: “Or do you ask of them any recompense?” (Verse 72) Had you demanded any wages from them, such a request might be their cause for refusal. The fact is that you seek nothing from them, because “the recompense given by your Lord is best, since He is the best of providers.” (Verse 72) What could a prophet seek from human beings, poor and needy as they are, when he has access to God’s inexhaustible favours? Indeed, what would a prophet’s followers hope to gain of this world’s comforts when they seek what may be provided by God who grants everything people have? The fact is that when a human heart is in touch with God, this whole universe, with all that it contains, dwindles into insignificance.
 
You only seek to guide them to the best method: “Most certainly, you call them to a straight path”; a path that brings them into line with the law that governs their nature. It bonds them with the rest of the universe, guiding them straight, without deviation, to God, the Creator of all.
 
Yet, like everyone else who does not believe in the life to come, these people deviate from the perfect way: “But those who will not believe in the life to come are bound to deviate from the right path.” (Verse 74) Had they been well guided, they would have reflected on the stages of their existence, because such reflection is bound to lead to belief in the hereafter, when perfection and absolute justice are attainable. The life to come is merely a stage in the line God has charted for all existence.