Surah Fatir (The Creator ) 35 : 18
Translations
Pickthall
Yusuf Ali
Qur'an Dictionary
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(35:18:1) |
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(35:18:2) taziru will bear |
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(35:18:3) wāziratun bearer of burdens |
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(35:18:4) wiz'ra burden |
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(35:18:5) ukh'rā (of) another |
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(35:18:6) |
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(35:18:7) tadʿu calls |
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(35:18:8) muth'qalatun a heavily laden |
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(35:18:9) ilā to |
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(35:18:10) ḥim'lihā (carry) its load |
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(35:18:11) |
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(35:18:12) yuḥ'mal will be carried |
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(35:18:13) |
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(35:18:14) shayon anything |
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(35:18:15) |
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(35:18:16) kāna he be |
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(35:18:17) |
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(35:18:18) qur'bā near of kin |
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(35:18:19) |
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(35:18:20) tundhiru you can warn |
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(35:18:21) alladhīna those who |
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(35:18:22) yakhshawna fear |
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(35:18:23) rabbahum their Lord |
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(35:18:24) bil-ghaybi unseen |
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(35:18:25) wa-aqāmū and establish |
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(35:18:26) l-ṣalata the prayer |
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(35:18:27) |
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(35:18:28) tazakkā purifies himself |
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(35:18:29) |
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(35:18:30) yatazakkā he purifies |
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(35:18:31) linafsihi for his own self |
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(35:18:32) wa-ilā And to |
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(35:18:33) l-lahi Allah |
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(35:18:34) l-maṣīru (is) the destination |
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Explanatory Note
The sūrah then emphasizes individual responsibility, which means that everyone will have what they deserve. No one benefits anyone else in any way. The Prophet has no personal interest in guiding people to the truth. Everyone bears his or her own burden, alone, without help. Therefore a person who seeks to be pure will be the only one to benefit from this endeavour. The matter is ultimately left to God to determine. The fact of individual responsibility and reward has a decisive effect on morality and behaviour. When people are fully aware that they are rewarded according to their own deeds, that none will be responsible for anyone else, and that none can escape responsibility, they realize the need to take stock of their actions before they have to answer for them. At the same time, this is reassuring, because no individual needs to worry about answering for the actions of his community. As long as he has done his duty, giving advice to his community to follow divine guidance, no further responsibility is laid on him. God Almighty does not hold mankind to account for their collective actions. They account to Him individually, each for their own work. It is the duty of the individual to advise others and try hard to bring them into line. Once he has done this, however, he bears no responsibility for their wickedness or corruption. He will he credited for his own good work. Similarly, if he lives in a good community, its goodness will not benefit him if he himself is wicked.
We see, then, an image of a multitude, each person carrying his or her own burden, with none able to help others. Even if someone requests help from the closest of relatives, none will oblige. It is thus a long queue, with people carrying loads and moving towards the check-point where the load will he weighed. Everyone is tired, preoccupied with the heaviness of their load, unable to think of others, even their own kin.
At this point, the sūrah’s address is directed to the Prophet: “Hence, you can truly warn only those who stand in awe of their Lord, even though He is beyond the reach of their perception, and attend regularly to prayers.” It is such people that can really appreciate the warning: they are the ones who fear God even though they have not seen Him, and who attend to their worship so as to maintain relations with Him. The Prophet is told that these are the ones to benefit by admonition. Others, who have no fear of God, need not worry him.
“Whoever purifies himself does so for his own benefit.” No one receives the benefit of purification except the one who does it. Moreover, purification has pleasant and transparent connotations that apply to one’s heart, thoughts, feelings, behaviour and attitudes. “With God is all journeys’ end.” He is the one who reckons people’s actions and rewards them accordingly. Nothing good or evil is overlooked.
3. Surah Overview
The internal evidence of the style shows that the period of the revelation of this Surah is probably the middle Makkan period when antagonism had grown quite strong so every sort of mischief was being adopted to frustrate the mission of the Prophet.
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11. Tafsir Zone
Overview (Verse 18) Everyone on Their Own |
Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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Overview (Verse 18) Everyone on Their Own |