Surah al-Ahzab (The Confederates) 33 : 20
Translations
Pickthall
Yusuf Ali
Qur'an Dictionary
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Word | Arabic word | |
(33:20:1) yaḥsabūna They think |
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(33:20:2) l-aḥzāba the confederates |
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(33:20:3) |
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(33:20:4) yadhhabū withdrawn |
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(33:20:5) |
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(33:20:6) yati (should) come |
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(33:20:7) l-aḥzābu the confederates |
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(33:20:8) yawaddū they would wish |
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(33:20:9) |
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(33:20:10) |
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(33:20:11) bādūna living in (the) desert |
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(33:20:12) |
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(33:20:13) l-aʿrābi the Bedouins |
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(33:20:14) yasalūna asking |
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(33:20:15) |
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(33:20:16) anbāikum your news |
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(33:20:17) |
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(33:20:18) kānū they were |
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(33:20:19) |
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(33:20:20) |
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(33:20:21) qātalū they would fight |
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(33:20:22) illā except |
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(33:20:23) qalīlan a little |
Explanatory Note
The sūrah paints another derogatory picture of their condition on the day when the confederate forces acknowledged their failure and departed. They still tremble with fear, refusing to believe that those large forces have gone and all are now safe and secure. “Should the Confederates return, they would wish they were in the desert, among the Bedouins, asking for news about you.” How pathetic and laughable! If those forces did return, these hypocrites would wish that they were Bedouins, and that they never lived in Madinah. They would rather not have anything to do with the people of Madinah, not even know anything about them. They only want to enquire of travellers about what happened to them, but this would only be a casual enquiry, as when one stranger asks about another.
They wish all this despite the fact that they have been left behind, away from the battle, unexposed to danger. It is all fear at a distance. Hence, “Even if they were with you, they would take but little part in the fighting.” Such was the condition of the hypocrites, the sick at heart, and those who spread lies to weaken the Muslim community.
3. Surah Overview
The Surah discusses three important events which are: the Battle of the Trench (or Al-Ahzab: the Confederates) which took place in the month of Shawwal 5 A.H.; the raid on Banu Quraythah which was made in Dhil-Qa’dah 5 A.H.; and the Prophet’s marriage with Zaynab which also was contracted in Dhil-Qa’dah 5 A.H. These historical events accurately determine the period of the revelation of this Surah.
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11. Tafsir Zone
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Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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