Overview - Surah 54: al-Qamar (The Moon )
The Surah talks about the approaching Day of Judgment. It describes some of the scenes of that Day. It also tells us that Allah's judgment may come here and now. There are references to the flood that came at the time of Prophet Noah, the punishment of the people of 'Ad, Thamud, People of Prophet Lot, the Pharaoh and his people. It ends with the good news for the Believers who will be near their Lord in the gardens of bliss.
Sections:
- The Day of Judgment is near. References to Prophet Noah, and to the tribe of 'Ad,
- References to the Thamud tribe, Prophet Lot and his people.
- Pharaoh and his arrogance. The opponents in Makkah are told whether they think they are better or more powerful than those nations. The wrong doers did suffer the consequences of their evil deeds.
This Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ "The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two]." (54:1). Surah al-Qamar is in the 27th Juzz and the word Qamar [moon] appears in the Qur'an 27 times. An interesting observation is that the Moon orbits the Earth every 27 days.
There are 55 Ayat in this Surah.
Overview
Total Ayat | 55 |
Total Words * | 342 |
Root Words * | 145 |
Unique Root Words * | 5 |
Makki / Madani | Makki |
Chronological Order* | 37th (according to Ibn Abbas) |
Year of Revelation* | 8th year of Prophethood |
Events during/before this Surah*
Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 2, Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 1, 2nd Migration to Abyssinia, Physical beating and torture of some Muslims - 1st Migration of Muslims to Abyssinia, Public Invitation to Islam - Persecution of Muslims; antagonism - ridicule - derision - accusation - abuse and false propaganda., Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam , Revelation begins - Private Invitation to Islam
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Events during/after still to occur*
Boycott of Banu Hashim Yr 3,Death of Abu Talib - Death of Khadijah - Stoning at Ta'if - al-Isra wal Mi'raj - Night Journey,1st Pledge of Aqabah,2nd Pledge of Aqabah,,Migration from Makkah to Madinah - Building of Masjid Nabi in Madinah - Treaty with Jews of Madinah - Marriage of Prophet to Aishah,Change of Qiblah from Jerusalem to Makkah - Battle of Badr,Battle of Uhud,,Battle of Ahzab - Expedition of Banu Quraydhah,Treaty of Hudaiybiyah - Letters to Kings and Rulers,,Conquest of Makkah - Battle of Hunain,Hajj led by Abu Bakr - Expedition of Tabuk,Farewell Hajj by Prophet - Death of Prophet - End of Divine Revelation
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Names of Prophets Mentioned
Nuh, Lut
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Surah Index
‘Aad, Astronomy (celestial mechanics) (moon), Badr, Grave, Hell, Hud, Judgement (Day) , Judgement (Day) (moon split asunder), Locusts, Lot, Noah, Noah (ark) , Noah (flood) , Pharaoh, Qur’an, Record of personal deeds, Resurrection (Day) , Thamud, Thamud (she camel) , Thamud (she camel) (killing of), Thamud (she camel) (punishment for), Weather (wind)
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Theme 1: The Sunnah [practice] of Allah in dealing with those who belie and deny His Ayat [signs].
In this Surah the disbelievers of Makkah have been warned for their stubbornness which they had adopted against the invitation of the Prophet. The amazing and wonderful phenomenon of the splitting of the Moon was a manifest sign of the truth that the Resurrection, of which the Prophet was giving them the news, could take place and that it had approached near at hand. The great sphere of the Moon had split into two distinct parts in front of their very eyes. The two parts had separated and receded so much apart from each other that to the on-lookers one part had appeared on one side of the mountain and the other on the other side of it. Then, in an instant the two had rejoined. This was a manifest proof of the truth that the system of the Universe was neither eternal nor immortal, it could be disrupted. Huge stars and planets could split asunder, disintegrate, collide with each other, and everything that had been depicted in the Qur’an in connection with the description of the details of Resurrection, could happen. Not only this: it was also a portent that the disintegration of the system of the Universe had begun and the time was near when Resurrection would take place. The Prophet invited the people’s attention to this event only with this object in view and asked them to mark it and be a witness to it. But the disbelievers described it as a magical illusion and persisted in their denial. For this stubbornness they have been reproached in this Surah.
The Surah revolves around the Signs of Allah and those who belie and deny them from amongst the polytheists. The splitting of the Qamar [moon] is amongst the great signs shown by God to the people of Makkah which they still resulted on them continuing their disbelief.
- The Hour:
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ "The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two]." (54:1)
بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَىٰ وَأَمَرُّ " But the Hour is their appointment [for due punishment], and the Hour is more disastrous and more bitter." (54:46)
Manuscripts / Inscriptions
11th Century AH
1st Century Hijrah (7th Century CE)
3rd Century Hijrah
- The previous Surah an-Najm [The Star] and this Surah al-Qamar [The Moon] both are named after heavenly bodies.
- There are 55 Ayat in Surah al-Qamar. Surah ar-Rahman is Surah no. 55.
- Surah al-Qamar ends with mentioning that the Believers will be with the King. Surah ar-Rahman begins with who this King is - He is ar-Rahman [the Most Merciful]
فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِندَ مَلِيكٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ "In a seat of truth (i.e. Paradise), near the Omnipotent King (Allah, the All-Blessed, the Most High, the Owner of Majesty and Honour) (54:55)
الرَّحْمَـٰنُ "The Most Merciful." (55:1) - Both Surah al-Qamar and ar-Rahman end with the mention of Paradise.
- Allah Almighty repeats the following Ayat 4 times in this Surah, وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ "And We have certainly made the Qur'an easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?" (54:17) (54:22) (54:32) (54:40)
- Allah Almighty repeats these words 4 times in this Surah, فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ "And how [severe] were My punishment and warning." (54:16) (54:18) (54:21) (54:30)
Total Word Count per Ayat (shows how many words per Ayat) = 5* | ||
# | Root Word | Frequency in Surah | Frequency in Qur'an |
---|---|---|---|
1. | ن ذ ر | 12 | 130 |
2. | ذ ك ر | 11 | 292 |
3. | ك ذ ب | 9 | 282 |
4. | ع ذ ب | 7 | 373 |
5. | ك ل ل | 6 | 377 |
6. | ك و ن | 6 | 1390 |
7. | ق و ل | 5 | 1722 |
8. | ي و م | 4 | 405 |
9. | د ع و | 4 | 212 |
10. | ق د ر | 4 | 132 |
Root Word | Frequency in Surah |
Frequency in Qur'an |
---|---|---|
ن ذ ر | 12 | 130 |
ذ ك ر | 11 | 292 |
ك ذ ب | 9 | 282 |
ع ذ ب | 7 | 373 |
ك ل ل | 6 | 377 |
ك و ن | 6 | 1390 |
ق و ل | 5 | 1722 |
ي و م | 4 | 405 |
د ع و | 4 | 212 |
ق د ر | 4 | 132 |
The incident of the ‘splitting of the moon’ (shaqq-al-Qamar) that has been mentioned in this Surah, determines its period of revelation precisely. The traditionists and commentators are agreed that this incident took place at Mina in Makkah about five years before the Prophet’s migration (Hijra) to Madīnah.
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حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ ضَمْرَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْمَازِنِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، سَأَلَ أَبَا وَاقِدٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ مَا كَانَ يَقْرَأُ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الأَضْحَى وَالْفِطْرِ فَقَالَ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا بِـ { ق وَالْقُرْآنِ الْمَجِيدِ} وَ { اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ}
'Abdullah b. 'Umar reported that (his father) 'Umar b. Khattab asked Abu Waqid al-Laithi what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to recite on 'Id-ul-Adha and 'Id-ul-Fitr. He said: He used to recite in them:" Qaf. By the Glorious Qur'an" (Surah Qaf)," The Hour drew near, and the moon was rent asunder" (Surah al-Qamar)" Sahih Muslim no. 1936
- The Day of Judgment is drawing near yet the unbelievers are not paying heed to the signs of Allah.
- We have made the Qur'an easy to understand the admonition, so is there any who would take the admonition?
- The story of Thamud and Lut who called their Prophet liars to show how terrible was Allah's scourge and how clear was His warning.
- Allah Almighty repeats the following Ayat 4 times in this Surah, وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ "And We have certainly made the Qur'an easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?" (54:17) (54:22) (54:32) (54:40)
- People of Fir'on were seized for disbelieving Allah's warning. The same warning has come to you, will you not take admonition?
- The dua is the greatest weapon in the possession of the Believer. As Prophet Nuh prayed, فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ "So he invoked his Lord, "Indeed, I am overpowered, so help." (54:10)
Tafsir Zone
Overview (Verses 1) The Splitting of the Moon This is a highly inspiring opening, speaking of a momentous event in the wide universe that heralds an immeasurably greater event: "The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder.” (Verse 1) What a piece of news! They saw the first event with their own eyes, and they can only anticipate the greater one. The splitting of the moon, witnessed by the Arabs, is confirmed in numerous reports; all agree that this took place, though they differ in their general and detailed descriptions of how it occurred. Here, we will give a few of these reports: Anas ibn Malik reports: "The people of Makkah asked the Prophet to show them a miracle, and the moon was split in Makkah twice. He read: ' The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder.' [Related by Malik.] The same report by Anas is given in another version stating the people's request for a miracle, then saying: "He showed them the moon split in two halves, and they could see Mount Hira' in between." [Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.] Jubayr ibn Mut cim reports: "The moon was split during the Prophet's lifetime and it was seen in two halves, one over each mountain. People said: 'Muhammad has cast a magic spell on us.' Then they said: 'If he could cast a spell on us, he cannot do that to all people.'" [Related by Ahmad, and also by al-Tabari and al-Bayhaqi with different chains of transmission.] Ibn 'Abbas is quoted by various transmitters as having said: "The moon was once split during the Prophet's lifetime." [Related by al¬Bukhari and Muslim.] Other versions add: "This took place before the Prophet's migration to Madinah. They could see its two halves." Yet another version related by al-Tabarani with a different chain of transmitters quotes Ibn `Abbas as saying: "The moon was eclipsed during the Prophet's time. The unbelievers said, 'A spell is cast on the moon. A Qur'anic revelation was bestowed from on high stating: The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder'. (Abdullah ibn (Umar said: "The moon was split in two halves during the Prophet's time in Makkah, with one half seen at the near side of the mountain and the other at the far side. The Prophet said: 'My Lord! Be my witness." [Related by Muslim and al-Tirmidhi.] (Abdullah ibn Masuad reports: "During the Prophet's time, the moon was split in two and people could see it. The Prophet said: 'Look at it and be witnesses." [Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari and Muslim.] Al-Bukhari adds another version of this report with a different chain of transmitters quoting Ibn Mas 'ad: "When the moon was split, the Quraysh said: 'This is a magic spell cast by Ibn Abi Kabshah [a derogatory nickname they gave to the Prophet]. Wait until some travellers arrive, for Muhammad cannot cast his spell on all people.' When travelers came they confirmed the splitting of the moon." The Qur'an clearly stated this event to the unbelievers at the time, but there is no report to suggest that they ever denied it. It must, then, have happened in a way that makes denial practically impossible. Had there been a way to deny it, they would have done so, if only for the sake of meaningless argument. All that has been reported of their reactions are their statements that the Prophet had cast a magic spell on them. Yet they too directly witnessed the event and so knew for themselves that this was no magic. Had the Prophet been able to cast a spell on them, he could not have done the same to the travellers in the desert. Such travellers, let us recall, confirmed that they had witnessed this extraordinary event. A Miracle in Support? We need to add here a word about the report that the unbelievers asked the Prophet for a miracle and in response the moon was split in two showing them what they had asked for. This report is in conflict with a clear Qur'anic statement that stipulates that the Prophet was not supported by any miracle of the type given to earlier messengers. The reason is explained in the following verse: "Nothing hinders Us from sending miraculous signs except that the people of firmer times treated them as false." (17: 59) This statement makes clear that, in His infinite wisdom, God decided not to show unbelievers miraculous signs in support of His message, because earlier communities had rejected them as false. On every occasion the unbelievers asked the Prophet for a miracle, his reply was that this was outside his remit: he was no more than a human messenger. He always referred them to the Qur'an, declaring that it was the only sign to confirm the veracity of his message. "Say, 'If all mankind and the jinn were to gather together for the purpose of producing the like of this Qur'an, they would not produce anything like it, even though they helped one another as best they could,' Indeed We have explained to mankind, in this Qur'an, every kind of lesson. Yet most people refuse to accept anything other than unbelief. They say: 'We shall not believe in you till you cause a spring to gush forth for us from the earth, or you have a garden of date palms and vines, and you cause rivers to flow through it, or you cause the sky to fall upon us in pieces, as you have threatened, or you bring God and the angels face to face before us, or you have a house of gold, or you ascend to heaven. Indeed we shall not believe in your ascent to heaven until you bring us a book for us to read' Safi 'Limitless in His glory is my Lord. Surely I am only a man and a Messenger.'" (17: 88-93) Therefore, the claim that this splitting of the moon was in response to the unbelievers' demand for a miracle is contrary to clear Qur'anic texts. It is also contrary to the strategy adopted by this final divine message in addressing the human mind only by the Qur'an and its miraculous nature. It is the Qur'an that directs people's minds to reflect on the signs available in the universe and in their own constitutions, as well as in historical events. The actual miracles that were given to the Prophet and confirmed by many authentic reports were merely aspects of God's grace which He extended to His Messenger. They did not constitute proofs of His message. We, therefore, confirm that the splitting of the moon was indeed a reality, as stated in the Qur'an and in many authentic reports indicating its place, time and appearance. We do not, however, endorse the causes stated in some of these reports, but we will highlight the combination of the Qur'anic confirmation of its happening with the reference to the Last Hour drawing near. This is intended to awaken the human mind so that it responds to the divine message. The splitting of the moon, then, was a clear sign to which the Qur'an draws people's attention, just like it draws attention to other signs available in the universe around us. It wonders at the unbeliever's attitude to all these signs, including the splitting of the moon. Physical miracles may appear amazing to the human mind prior to its maturity; that is prior to its ability to contemplate the permanent signs already available in the universe and being influenced by what these signs clearly prove. All the physical miracles that messengers were given before mankind had attained maturity were not as great as others already available in the world around us. Yet these do not excite man's instinctive reactions like those unfamiliar miracles. The Qur'an puts the human mind face to face with the universe and what it contains of God's signs. This is far better than providing an unfamiliar sign lasting only for a brief period and seen by only one generation of people in one particular place. The entire universe then is a great sign; here everything small or large is a sign of God's immeasurable ability. The human mind is invited at every moment to look at these permanent signs and to listen to their testimony, which is always lucid and decisive. It is also invited to enjoy all the marvelous aspects of creation, which combine beauty with perfection and excite a feeling of amazement to strengthen conviction. The present surah opens with a reference to the fact that the Last Hour is drawing near and to the splitting of the moon. It thus delivers a shock to the human mind, which then anticipates the Last Hour that is soon to happen, made all the more apparent by virtue of the great event that has just taken place. It can now stretch imagination to the events that will accompany the Last Hour. How close is the Last Hour? The Prophet is quoted as saying: "I have been given my message as close to the Last Hour as these two", pointing with his index and middle finger. [Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari and Muslim.] |
Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
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Overview (Verses 1) The Splitting of the Moon This is a highly inspiring opening, speaking of a momentous event in the wide universe that heralds an immeasurably greater event: "The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder.” (Verse 1) What a piece of news! They saw the first event with their own eyes, and they can only anticipate the greater one. The splitting of the moon, witnessed by the Arabs, is confirmed in numerous reports; all agree that this took place, though they differ in their general and detailed descriptions of how it occurred. Here, we will give a few of these reports: Anas ibn Malik reports: "The people of Makkah asked the Prophet to show them a miracle, and the moon was split in Makkah twice. He read: ' The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder.' [Related by Malik.] The same report by Anas is given in another version stating the people's request for a miracle, then saying: "He showed them the moon split in two halves, and they could see Mount Hira' in between." [Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.] Jubayr ibn Mut cim reports: "The moon was split during the Prophet's lifetime and it was seen in two halves, one over each mountain. People said: 'Muhammad has cast a magic spell on us.' Then they said: 'If he could cast a spell on us, he cannot do that to all people.'" [Related by Ahmad, and also by al-Tabari and al-Bayhaqi with different chains of transmission.] Ibn 'Abbas is quoted by various transmitters as having said: "The moon was once split during the Prophet's lifetime." [Related by al¬Bukhari and Muslim.] Other versions add: "This took place before the Prophet's migration to Madinah. They could see its two halves." Yet another version related by al-Tabarani with a different chain of transmitters quotes Ibn `Abbas as saying: "The moon was eclipsed during the Prophet's time. The unbelievers said, 'A spell is cast on the moon. A Qur'anic revelation was bestowed from on high stating: The Last Hour draws near, and the moon is split asunder'. (Abdullah ibn (Umar said: "The moon was split in two halves during the Prophet's time in Makkah, with one half seen at the near side of the mountain and the other at the far side. The Prophet said: 'My Lord! Be my witness." [Related by Muslim and al-Tirmidhi.] (Abdullah ibn Masuad reports: "During the Prophet's time, the moon was split in two and people could see it. The Prophet said: 'Look at it and be witnesses." [Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari and Muslim.] Al-Bukhari adds another version of this report with a different chain of transmitters quoting Ibn Mas 'ad: "When the moon was split, the Quraysh said: 'This is a magic spell cast by Ibn Abi Kabshah [a derogatory nickname they gave to the Prophet]. Wait until some travellers arrive, for Muhammad cannot cast his spell on all people.' When travelers came they confirmed the splitting of the moon." The Qur'an clearly stated this event to the unbelievers at the time, but there is no report to suggest that they ever denied it. It must, then, have happened in a way that makes denial practically impossible. Had there been a way to deny it, they would have done so, if only for the sake of meaningless argument. All that has been reported of their reactions are their statements that the Prophet had cast a magic spell on them. Yet they too directly witnessed the event and so knew for themselves that this was no magic. Had the Prophet been able to cast a spell on them, he could not have done the same to the travellers in the desert. Such travellers, let us recall, confirmed that they had witnessed this extraordinary event. A Miracle in Support? We need to add here a word about the report that the unbelievers asked the Prophet for a miracle and in response the moon was split in two showing them what they had asked for. This report is in conflict with a clear Qur'anic statement that stipulates that the Prophet was not supported by any miracle of the type given to earlier messengers. The reason is explained in the following verse: "Nothing hinders Us from sending miraculous signs except that the people of firmer times treated them as false." (17: 59) This statement makes clear that, in His infinite wisdom, God decided not to show unbelievers miraculous signs in support of His message, because earlier communities had rejected them as false. On every occasion the unbelievers asked the Prophet for a miracle, his reply was that this was outside his remit: he was no more than a human messenger. He always referred them to the Qur'an, declaring that it was the only sign to confirm the veracity of his message. "Say, 'If all mankind and the jinn were to gather together for the purpose of producing the like of this Qur'an, they would not produce anything like it, even though they helped one another as best they could,' Indeed We have explained to mankind, in this Qur'an, every kind of lesson. Yet most people refuse to accept anything other than unbelief. They say: 'We shall not believe in you till you cause a spring to gush forth for us from the earth, or you have a garden of date palms and vines, and you cause rivers to flow through it, or you cause the sky to fall upon us in pieces, as you have threatened, or you bring God and the angels face to face before us, or you have a house of gold, or you ascend to heaven. Indeed we shall not believe in your ascent to heaven until you bring us a book for us to read' Safi 'Limitless in His glory is my Lord. Surely I am only a man and a Messenger.'" (17: 88-93) Therefore, the claim that this splitting of the moon was in response to the unbelievers' demand for a miracle is contrary to clear Qur'anic texts. It is also contrary to the strategy adopted by this final divine message in addressing the human mind only by the Qur'an and its miraculous nature. It is the Qur'an that directs people's minds to reflect on the signs available in the universe and in their own constitutions, as well as in historical events. The actual miracles that were given to the Prophet and confirmed by many authentic reports were merely aspects of God's grace which He extended to His Messenger. They did not constitute proofs of His message. We, therefore, confirm that the splitting of the moon was indeed a reality, as stated in the Qur'an and in many authentic reports indicating its place, time and appearance. We do not, however, endorse the causes stated in some of these reports, but we will highlight the combination of the Qur'anic confirmation of its happening with the reference to the Last Hour drawing near. This is intended to awaken the human mind so that it responds to the divine message. The splitting of the moon, then, was a clear sign to which the Qur'an draws people's attention, just like it draws attention to other signs available in the universe around us. It wonders at the unbeliever's attitude to all these signs, including the splitting of the moon. Physical miracles may appear amazing to the human mind prior to its maturity; that is prior to its ability to contemplate the permanent signs already available in the universe and being influenced by what these signs clearly prove. All the physical miracles that messengers were given before mankind had attained maturity were not as great as others already available in the world around us. Yet these do not excite man's instinctive reactions like those unfamiliar miracles. The Qur'an puts the human mind face to face with the universe and what it contains of God's signs. This is far better than providing an unfamiliar sign lasting only for a brief period and seen by only one generation of people in one particular place. The entire universe then is a great sign; here everything small or large is a sign of God's immeasurable ability. The human mind is invited at every moment to look at these permanent signs and to listen to their testimony, which is always lucid and decisive. It is also invited to enjoy all the marvelous aspects of creation, which combine beauty with perfection and excite a feeling of amazement to strengthen conviction. The present surah opens with a reference to the fact that the Last Hour is drawing near and to the splitting of the moon. It thus delivers a shock to the human mind, which then anticipates the Last Hour that is soon to happen, made all the more apparent by virtue of the great event that has just taken place. It can now stretch imagination to the events that will accompany the Last Hour. How close is the Last Hour? The Prophet is quoted as saying: "I have been given my message as close to the Last Hour as these two", pointing with his index and middle finger. [Related by Ahmad, al-Bukhari and Muslim.] |
The Moon is the Earth’s only natural satellite. The average distance from the Moon to the Earth is 384403 kilometres (238857 miles). The Moon is in synchronous rotation with Earth, always showing the same face, with its near side marked by dark volcanic maria that fill the spaces between the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. As seen from the Earth, it is the second-brightest regularly visible celestial object in Earth's sky, after the Sun. Its surface is actually dark, although compared to the night sky it appears very bright, with a reflectance just slightly higher than that of worn asphalt. Its gravitational influence produces the ocean tides, body tides, and the slight lengthening of the day.
The word Qamar [moon] appears in the Qur'an 27 times and the Moon orbits the Earth every 27 or so days.
- Surah 54. Al-Qamar - Saad al Ghamidi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ye10chk9GY&list=PLhM2xiAUdw2cAqW_o3zZkbhJNw0bnaBZN&index=54
- Surah 54. Al-Qamar Mahmoud Khalil Al Hussary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6eiES0kLvg&index=54&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfMFWX22VZWOKpzjr-vH_BM
- Surah 54. Al-Qamar Muhammad Al Luhaydan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z46WSHuYRvs&list=PLxpAkjlGauHfKAYuQLRNAZomoezhfhRZe&index=54
- Idris Akbar Surah Al-Qamar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsaFHsy4wgs
- Surah 54. Al-Qamar Muhammad Minshawi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRyHP6_k-mg&list=PLxpAkjlGauHdUcO_uc-8F8J2NUQRDZjPG&index=54