Surah al-Mudathir (The Cloaked One) 74 : 12
Translations
Pickthall
Yusuf Ali
Explantory Note
The surah describes at length this creature and what God has given him of favours, before it mentions his headstrong rejection of the truth. God created him alone, deprived of everything, naked. Then He gave him plentiful wealth, and able sons who attend to his needs and give him authority and protection. He facilitated life for him.
There are several reports suggesting that the person so referred to is al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah. Ikrirnah reports: "Al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah met the Prophet who read to him a passage of the Qur'an. It appeared as though al-Walid softened a bit. Abu Jahl heard of this, so he went to al-Walid and said to him: 'Uncle! Your people are raising some money for you.' He asked for what reason. Abu Jahl answered: 'They want to give it to you, because you went to Muhammad to see what you might gain from him.' [Abu. Jahl was thus playing on a most sensitive point, trying to arouse al-Walid's pride.] Al-Walid said: 'The Quraysh know that I am the richest among them.' Abu Jahl said: 'Then say about him something to make clear to your people that you are opposed to what he says.' Al-Walid said: 'What shall I say. None of you has better knowledge of poetry than me. I know all about poetry including the poetry of the jinn. What Muhammad says is nothing like that. What he says is indeed sweet; it towers over all speech; it rises high and nothing can top it.' Abu Jahl said: 'Your people will not be satisfied unless you say something negative about him.' Al-Walid said: 'Then give me time to think.' When he thought it over, he said of the Qur'an: 'This is sorcery taken from olden times.' The above passage was then revealed in reference to him.
3. Surah Overview
The first seven verses of this Surah belong to the earliest period at Makkah. Even according to some hadith which have been related in Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi, Musnad Ahmad, etc., on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, these are the very earliest verses of the Qur’an to be revealed to the Prophet. But the Muslim Ummah almost unanimously agreed that the earliest revelation to the Prophet consisted of the first five verses of Surah 96: al-‘Alaq (The Clinging Substance). However, what is established by authentic hadith that after this first Revelation, no Revelation came down to the Prophet for quite some time. Then, when it was resumed, it started with the verses of Surah al-Muddathir - Imam Zuhri has given the following details of it:
“Revelation to the Prophet remained suspended for quite some time and it was such a period of deep grief and distress for him that he started going early to the tops of the mountains to throw himself down from them. But whenever he stood on the edge of a peak, the Angel Gabriel would appear and tell him that he was God’s Prophet. This would console him and restore to him full peace of mind.” (Ibn Jarir). After this Imam Zuhri relates the following tradition on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah; “The Messenger of God describing the period of ‘break in revelation’ (falrat al-wahi) said: One day when I was passing on the way, I suddenly heard a call from heaven. I raised my head and saw that the same Angel who had visited me in the Cave of Hira was sitting on a throne between heaven and earth. This struck terror in my heart, and reaching home quickly, I said: ‘Cover me up, cover me up’. So the people of the house covered me up with a quilt (or blanket). At that time God sent down the Revelation: “O you who covers himself” (Ya ayyuhal-Muddathiru...). From then on revelation became intense and continuous.” (Bukhari, Muslim Musnad Ahmad, Ibn Jarir). The rest of the Surah (v. 8-56) was revealed when the first Hajj season came after public preaching of Islam had begun in Makkah.
10. Wiki Forum
11. Tafsir Zone
|
Ibn Kathir (English)
Sayyid Qutb
Sha'rawi
Al Jalalain
Mawdudi
الطبري - جامع البيان
ابن كثير - تفسير القرآن العظيم
القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام
البغوي - معالم التنزيل
ابن أبي حاتم الرازي - تفسير القرآن
ابن عاشور - التحرير والتنوير
ابن القيم - تفسير ابن قيّم
السيوطي - الدر المنثور
الشنقيطي - أضواء البيان
ابن الجوزي - زاد المسير
الآلوسي - روح المعاني
ابن عطية - المحرر الوجيز
الرازي - مفاتيح الغيب
أبو السعود - إرشاد العقل السليم
الزمخشري - الكشاف
البقاعي - نظم الدرر
الهداية إلى بلوغ النهاية — مكي ابن أبي طالب
القاسمي - محاسن التأويل
الماوردي - النكت والعيون
السعدي - تيسير الكريم الرحمن
عبد الرحمن الثعالبي - الجواهر الحسان
السمرقندي - بحر العلوم
أبو إسحاق الثعلبي - الكشف والبيان
الشوكاني - فتح القدير
النيسابوري - التفسير البسيط
أبو حيان - البحر المحيط
البيضاوي - أنوار التنزيل
النسفي - مدارك التنزيل
ابن جُزَيّ - التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل
علي الواحدي النيسابوري - الوجيز
السيوطي - تفسير الجلالين
المختصر في التفسير — مركز تفسير
|
|