Surah Ale-Imran (The Family Of Imran ) 3 : 191

ٱلَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ قِيَٰمًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمْ وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِى خَلْقِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هَٰذَا بَٰطِلًا سُبْحَٰنَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ

Translations

 
 Muhsin Khan
 Pickthall
 Yusuf Ali
Quran Project
Who remember Allāh while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth, [saying], "Our Lord, You did not create this aimlessly; exalted are You [above such a thing]; then protect us from the punishment of the Fire.

1. Lessons/Guidance/Reflections/Gems

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Explanatory Note

It is a moment of worship, which means that it is a moment of establishing a relationship and receiving a message. It is no wonder, then, that the mere reflection on the creation of the heavens and the earth and the succession of day and night is enough to reveal the truth about them and the fact that nothing of this has been created in vain. The immediate result of this attitude is embodied in these words: “’Our Lord, You have not created all this in vain. Limitless are You in Your glory.’”

This is immediately followed by a psychological response to the inspiration of the universe: “Guard us, then, against the torment of the fire. Our Lord, him whom You shall commit to the fire"

What is the nature of the emotional relationship between recognising the truth behind the creation of the heavens and the earth and the succession of day and night and the fear of being thrown into hell? Recognition of this truth means to those endowed with understanding and insight that it is all made according to an elaborate plan and for a definite purpose, and that truth and justice will be maintained beyond man’s life on this planet. This inevitably means that whatever people do will be taken into account and that rewards will be administered. This leads to the conclusion that there is another life where the truth will be established and where justice will be done.

Practical suggestion

  • Make it a habit to complete the morning and evening duas regularly. Read here.
     
  • إدامةُ ذِكرِ الله تعالى على كلِّ حال، فقدْ أرادَ بقوله تعالى: قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِهِمْ عُمومَ الأحوال، على أنَّ هذه الأحوالَ هي مُتعارَفُ أحوالِ البَشرِ في السَّلامة، أي: أحوال الشُّغل، والرَّاحة، وقَصْد النَّوم 
    [Be the first to translate this...]
     
  • أصنافُ العُبوديَّة ثلاثةُ أقسام: التَّصديقُ والإذعانُ بالقلب، والإقرارُ باللِّسان، والعملُ بالجوارحِ؛ فقوله تعالى: يَذْكُرُونَ اللهَ إشارةٌ إلى عُبوديَّةِ اللِّسان، وقوله: قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِهِمْ إشارةٌ إلى عُبوديَّةِ الجوارحِ والأعضاء، وقوله: وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ إشارةٌ إلى عُبوديَّة القلبِ والفِكرِ والرُّوح، والإنسانُ ليس إلَّا هذا المجموع، فإذا كان اللِّسان مستغرقًا في الذِّكرِ، والأركانُ في الشُّكر، والجَنانُ في الفِكر، كان هذا العبدُ مُستغرقًا بجميعِ أجزائِه في العبوديَّة [Be the first to translate this...]

    Benefits of Dhikr summarised from works of Ibn al-Qayyim:

  • Remembrance of God [Dhikr] drives away and breaks the devil [shaytan]
  • It pleases ar-Rahman [the Most-Merciful]
  • It removes the cares and worries of the Heart
  • It brings joy and happiness to the Heart
  • It strengthens both body and Heart
  • It endows the person with Love of God which is the very spirit of Islam - for God has opened a way of access to everything, and the way to Love is constancy in Remembrance [Dhikr].
  • It endows one with Muraqabah [vigilance] which opens to the door to Ihsan - entering therein, the servant worships God as if he were seeing Him.
  • It predisposes the servant to turn back to God in every state.
  • It endows him with proximity to God. His proximity to God is in proportion to his remembrance; his distance in proportion to his heedlessness.
  • It endows him with God’s own remembrance of him, God says, ‘Remember Me, I shall remember you.”
  • It endows the heart with life. Ibn Taymiyah said, ‘Remembrance is to the heart what water is to fish. What happens to the fish that leaves the water?’
  • It polishes away the Heart’s tarnish
  • It erases sins and repels them
  • It removes estrangement between the servant and his Lord.
  • Words of Remembrance become like the buzzing of bees around the Throne of God.
  • When he knows his Lord through Remembrance [Dhikr] in times of ease his Lord will know him in times of adversity.
  • Remembrance of God [Dhikr] is most effective thing to repel the punishment of God
  • Tranquillity descends upon the Heart
  • The Remembrance of God [Dhikr] and tears that are shed – give a person shade on the Day of Judgement.
  • It is the easiest form of worship – using the tongue is easier compared to actions of hands and feet.
  • Plants trees in Paradise.
  • Constancy in Remembrance of God [Dhikr] brings about security from forgetfulness of Him. This forgetfulness is the cause of the servant’s misery both in this worldly life and the Day of Judgement.
  • Ibn Taymiyah said, ‘Truly there is a Heaven in this world [and] whoever does not enter it, will not enter the Heaven of the next world.’
  • It enters Light [Nur] in to the Heart – more Remembrance of God [Dhikr] = more light
  • God is with the one when he remembers Him. “I am with My slave when he remembers Me and when his lips move to mention Me.”
  • Remembrance of God [Dhikr] is basis of Gratitude and thanks [Shukr] – when you remember Him abundantly you thank Him abundantly.
  • Remembrance of God [Dhikr] is both the source and the basis of intimate friendship with God – A servant continues to remember his Lord until He loves him.
  • Nothing attracts God’s blessings and repels His wrath as does His remembrance. He repels harm from them and defends them in proportion to the strength and the completeness of their faith in Him. The very substance and power of this faith comes through [His] remembrance. The stronger one’s faith and more abundant the remembrance, the greater God’s defence of him. For the one who falls short, it falls short. i.e. STRONGER DHIKR = STRONGER IMAN = STRONGER DEFENCE
  • God’s remembrance of him precedes his remembrance of Him, for when God remembers His servant, it inspires the servant to remember Him. In prayer, you remember God and He remembers you, and His remembrance of you is greater than your remembrance of Him.
  • The most excellent of those who perform any practice are people who do it with the greatest remembrance of God. The most excellent of those who fast, are those who remember God the most in their fasting -the most excellent of those who do Hajj, are those who remember God the most in [their Hajj] etc.

2. Linguistic Analysis

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Frequency of Root words in this Ayat used in this Surah *


3. Surah Overview

4. Miscellaneous Information

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5. Connected/Related Ayat

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6. Frequency of the word

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7. Period of Revelation

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“This Surah consists of four discourses:

  • The first discourse (v. 1-32) was probably revealed soon after the Battle of Badr.
  • The second discourse (v. 33-63) was revealed in 9 A.H. (After Hijrah - migration from Makkah to Madinah) on the occasion of the visit of the deputation from the Christians of Najran.
  • The third discourse (v. 64-120) appears to have been revealed immediately after the first one.
  • The fourth discourse (v. 121-200) was revealed after the Battle of Uhud.” [Mawdudi]

8. Reasons for Revelation

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1. The Believers had met with all sorts of trials and hardships about which they had been forewarned in Al-Baqarah. Though they had come out victorious in the Battle of Badr they were not out of danger yet. Their victory had aroused the enmity of all those powers in Arabia which were opposed to the islamic Movement. Signs of threatening storms had begun to appear on all sides and the Muslims were in a perpetual state of fear and anxiety. It looked as if the whole Arabian world around the tiny state of Madinah - which was no more than a village state at that time - was bent upon blotting out its very existence. This state of war was also adversely affecting its economy which had already been badly disturbed by the influx of the Muslim refugees from Makkah.

2. Then there was the disturbing problem of the Jewish clans who lived in the suburbs of Madinah. They were discarding the treaties of alliance they had made with the Prophet after his migration from Makkah. So much so that on the occasion of the Battle of Badr these people of the Book sympathized with the evil aims of the idolaters in spite of the fact that their fundamental articles of Faith - Monotheism, Prophethood and Life-after-death - were the same as those of the Muslims. After the Battle of Badr they openly began to incite the Quraysh and other Arab clans to wreak their vengeance on the Muslims. Thus those Jewish clans set aside their centuries-old friendly and neighbourly relations with the people of Madinah. At last when their mischievous actions and breaches of treaties became unbearable the Prophet attacked the Bani-Qaynuqah, the most mischievous of all the other Jewish clans who had conspired with the hypocrites of Madinah and the idolatrous Arab clans to encircle the Believers on all sides. The magnitude of the peril might be judged from the fact that even the life of the Prophet himself was always in danger. Therefore his Companions slept in their armours during that period and kept watch at night to guard against any sudden attack and whenever the Prophet happened to be out of sight even for a short while they would at once set out in search of him.

3. This incitement by the Jews added fuel to the fire which was burning in the hearts of the Quraysh and they began to make preparations to avenge the defeat they had suffered at Badr. A year after this an army of 3000 strong marched out of Makkah to invade Madinah and a battle took place at the foot of Mount Uhud. The Prophet came out of Madinah with one thousand men to meet the enemy. While they were marching to the battlefield three hundred hypocrites deserted the army and returned to Madinah but there still remained a small band of hypocrites among the seven hundred who accompanied the Prophet. They played their part and did their utmost to create mischief and chaos in the ranks of the Believers during the Battle. This was the first clear indication of the fact that within the fold of the Muslim Community there was quite a large number of saboteurs who were always ready to conspire with the external enemies to harm their own brethren.

4. Though the devices of the hypocrites had played a great part in the set-back at Uhud, the weaknesses of the Muslims themselves contributed no less to it. And it was but natural that the Muslims should show signs of moral weakness for they were a new community which had only recently been formed on a new ideology and had not as yet got a thorough moral training. Naturally in this second hard test of their physical and moral strength some weaknesses came to the surface. That is why a detailed review of the Battle of Uhud was needed to warn the Muslims of their shortcomings and to issue instructions for their reform. It should also be noted that this review of the Battle is quite different from the reviews that are usually made by generals on similar occasions.

9. Relevant Hadith

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10. Wiki Forum

Comments in this section are statements made by general users – these are not necessarily explanations of the Ayah – rather a place to share personal thoughts and stories…

11. Tafsir Zone

 


12. External Links

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