Surah Maryam (Mary) 19 : 12

Overview (Verses 12 - 15)

John: A Prophet in His Own Right
 
The sūrah now leaves Zachariah in complete silence dealing with other people and his glorification and praise of God. As that scene closes, the sūrah reveals a new one in which we see John, the child given to Zachariah, as fully grown. It is his Lord who calls out to him from on high: “John! Hold fast to the book with [all your] strength.” (Verse 12) This follows the Qur’ānic method of highlighting only the most important events, portraying images that are full of life and vigour.
 
Before we have even a single word about John himself, his account commences with an address from on high. It portrays an awesome scene giving us a good idea of John’s position. It also shows us how God responded to Zachariah’s prayers when he requested an heir who would fulfil the trust that he himself had been fulfilling, as it related both to faith and kin. Thus the first scene in which John is involved is the one where he is elected to bear the highest responsibility: “John! Hold fast to the book with [all your] strength.” (Verse 12) The book referred to here is the Torah, given to Moses. All the Israelite prophets were charged with its preservation and implementation. They were also given the task of educating people in the Torah, so that they would know what was lawful to them and what was unlawful. John inherited his father Zachariah. He is here told to rise to the task and fulfil his trust with all his resolve and strength. He must never weaken or slacken. He should never abdicate his responsibilities.
 
The sūrah tells us what John was given to equip him for the great tasks he was assigned: “We granted him wisdom while he was still a youth, as well as, by Our grace, compassion and purity; and he was [always] righteous.” (Verses 12-13) These were indeed the qualifications that suited him for his task. They provided great help in the fulfilment of his duties. Now let us look closer at these qualifications.
 
God granted him wisdom in his youth, which made him unique in his personality, as he was unique in his birth and name. Wisdom is normally acquired as one grows in years, but in John’s case, God granted him this in his early years.
 
God also granted him compassion as a special gift implanted in his very nature. He did not have to train or persuade himself to be compassionate. Such compassion is necessary for a prophet who takes care of people’s hearts and souls, trying always to set them on the course of goodness with ease.
 
John was further granted purity and cleanliness of heart and practice. Thus, he was able to counter the effects of other people’s hard natures and wickedness and so help them grow in purity.
 
The other quality that served John well was his righteousness. He keenly sensed his close tie with God, and knew that He was not only watching him but with him in all situations, public or private. That completes the qualities that John was given to qualify him for his task. They were given to him when he was still in his youth, so that he could inherit his father, who had appealed to God to give him an heir.
 
Thus the account of John is brought to its conclusion with two verses highlighting the fact that he was “kind to his parents. Never was he haughty or rebellious. So peace was upon him on the day he was born, and on the day of his death, and will be on the day when he shall be raised to life again.” (Verses 14-15) As we see in this short passage, the line he followed throughout his life was clearly laid out. No further details of the story of Zachariah requesting a son, nor of that son John could have provided anything extra in as much as the lessons we can draw are concerned. Hence it is brought to a close.

Suspending the Law of Procreation
 
John’s birth, remarkable as it is, is not however the most wonderful that the sūrah tells us about. It has another story to tell, even more remarkable and wonderful. This is the birth of Jesus. The sūrah gives its account of John’s birth first, with its remarkable aspect of him being born to a barren mother and a father well advanced in years. Jesus, on the other hand, was born to a virgin mother who had had no intimate contact with any man in her life. This is indeed far more wonderful and remarkable.
 
If we leave aside for a moment the creation of man in his present form and in the way God tells us of how He created him, the birth of Jesus, son of Mary, should be considered the most remarkable event of human history. It is an event that has no parallel.
 
Man did not witness his own creation, a remarkable event that heralded human life. That involved the creation of the first man ever to exist, born of no father and no mother. Countless centuries then passed before divine wisdom willed to bring about a second most remarkable event. This was the birth of Jesus without a father. In this, the event does not follow the pattern that subsequently applied after the creation of the first human being. This new birth was witnessed by human beings and remained an event of great importance to which people’s attentions were drawn generation after generation. Needless to say, the creation of the first human being could not have been witnessed by people, as it was this creation that first ushered in human life on earth.
 
Divine wisdom has determined that life continues through procreation, involving the union of a male and a female. This applies to all species without exception. Even in the case of species where there are no fully distinguished males and females, every creature has male and female cells in its body. This law of procreation continued in operation for endless periods of time. People thought it was the only method of creation, forgetting the first event that brought man into existence, because that event was special, and could not be compared with procreation.
 
It was God’s will, then, to give them this example of the creation of Jesus, son of Mary, to remind people of His free-will and unrestrained power which cannot be subject to the laws He sets in operation. Jesus’ birth has not been repeated in history, because it is only proper that God’s law should come into operation and be seen with all its effects. This single event remains for all time indisputable evidence that God’s will is always free, unshackled by any factor whatsoever. Hence God says of Jesus: “We will make him a sign for mankind.” (Verse 21)
 
Because the event was so remarkable and unfamiliar, some people could not conceive of how it could happen and could not appreciate the wisdom of publicizing it in this way. Hence, they attributed to Jesus, son of Mary, qualities of divinity, inventing tales and superstitions about his birth. They thus fell foul of God’s purpose, distorting the pure faith based on God’s oneness.
 
In this sūrah, the Qur’ān relates how this remarkable event took place, highlighting its great significance and showing such tales and superstitions to he absolutely false. The sūrah relates the story in a series of highly emotional scenes, which leave a profound effect on anyone who reads them: it is as though he is witnessing the events as they take place.