Surah Luqman (Luqman ) 31 : 32

وَإِذَا غَشِيَهُم مَّوْجٌ كَٱلظُّلَلِ دَعَوُا۟ ٱللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ فَلَمَّا نَجَّىٰهُمْ إِلَى ٱلْبَرِّ فَمِنْهُم مُّقْتَصِدٌ ۚ وَمَا يَجْحَدُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَّا كُلُّ خَتَّارٍ كَفُورٍ

Translations

 
 Muhsin Khan
 Pickthall
 Yusuf Ali
Quran Project
And when waves come over them like canopies, they supplicate Allāh, sincere to Him in religion [i.e., faith]. But when He delivers them to the land, there are [some] of them who are moderate [in faith]. And none rejects Our signs except everyone treacherous and ungrateful.

1. Lessons/Guidance/Reflections/Gems

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Explanatory Note

People however are neither patient nor grateful. When harm afflicts them, they raise their voices with prayer. When God lifts harm from them, only a few are truly grateful. “When the waves engulf them like shadows, they call to God, sincere in their faith in Him alone.” In the face of such danger, with the waves engulfing them from all sides, and their ships rocking in the angry sea, hearts and souls shed their assumed and delusive power which, in times of ease and comfort, might shield their true nature, severing its links with its Creator. Yet when all masks are torn and human nature emerges from behind its blinding covers, it acknowledges its Lord and turns to Him in true submission. It abandons all alleged partners, declaring them false. At such moments of danger, people call to God in earnest, with sincere faith in Him and His oneness.

But “as soon as He has brought them safe to land, some of them are restrained in their attitude.” Security and comfort do not drive them back to carelessness. They remain mindful of God’s bounty and give thanks for it, but they do not do enough to fulfil their duties towards God in thanksgiving. In other words, they are restrained in their thanks.

There are others who deny God’s signs once danger is over and security is again felt. “Yet none could knowingly reject Our revelations except those who are utterly perfidious or hardened unbelievers.” Both treachery and unbelief are here described in superlative terms that are nevertheless true of anyone who disbelieves after having seen all the universal indications and listened to the clear arguments about human nature.

2. Linguistic Analysis

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Frequency of Root words in this Ayat used in this Surah *


3. Surah Overview

4. Miscellaneous Information

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5. Connected/Related Ayat

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6. Frequency of the word

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7. Period of Revelation

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An examination of the subject matter shows that it was sent down in the period when persecution to suppress and thwart the invitation to Islam had begun. Every sort of plotting had started being employed for this purpose. This is borne out by v.14 in which the young reverts to Islam have been told that although the rights of the parents are the uppermost after God they should not listen to them if they prevented them from accepting Islam or compelled them to revert to the creed of polytheism (Shirk). The same thing has been said in Surah 29: al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) which indicates that both these Surahs were sent down in the same period. A study of the style and subject matter of the two Surahs on the whole however shows that Surah Luqman was sent down earlier for one does not see any sign of the antagonism in its background, though contrary to this while studying Surah 29: al-‘Ankabut (The Spider) one can clearly feel that the Muslims were being severely persecuted during the period of its revelation.

8. Reasons for Revelation

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9. Relevant Hadith

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